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Industrial water softening and salt removal terminology

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Demineralized water Demineralized water is obtained by different water treatment process systems to remove impurities such as suspended solids and inorganic cations and anions.
High-purity water, ultra-high purity water mainly refers to water with a temperature of 250 ° C, a conductivity of less than 0.1us / cm, a pH of 6.8-7.0 and water to remove other impurities and bacteria.
In addition to silicon desilication, silica removal uses ion exchange or other methods to remove silica from water.
De-alkali dialkalization The process of removing or reducing bicarbonate ions in water by chemical or ion exchange.
Acid cleaning The process of using acid-removing equipment or water-insoluble deposits on ion exchangers.
Lime slurry Lime slurry is a paste-like slurry that is mixed with water after digestion.
Milk of lime A turbid solution diluted with water.
Resin contamination resin fouling A non-reversible exchange of pollutants on the surface and pores of the resin that accumulate dirt or resin.
Resin degradation resin is affected by oxidant and high temperature. Its quaternary amine gradually turns into tertiary, secondary and primary amines, which weakens its basicity and shows that the number of strong base exchange groups is gradually decreasing.
Ion exchanger A material that exchanges ions with water. There are ion exchange resins, sulfonated coals, and the like.
Ion exchange resin An ion exchanger formed by polymerization of a crosslinking agent of a polymer compound.
Weak base exchange resin weak-base exchange resin The main exchange group is an anion exchange resin of primary, secondary and tertiary amine groups.
Strong base anion exchange resin strong-base anion exchange resin The main exchange group is a quaternary amino group anion exchange resin.
Weak acid slow exchange resin weak-acid exchange resin The main exchange group is a cation exchange resin such as an AS group (-COOH) or a phenol group.
Strong acid cation exchange resin storng-acid cation exchange resin The main exchange group is a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) cation exchange resin.
Gel type ion exchange resin gel-type ion exange resin The resin has only chemical pores. When the resin is immersed in water, the pores are displayed during the swelling process of the resin particles themselves.
Macro-reticular type ion exchange resin The macroporous type resin has discontinuous discrete pores. It does not show swelling in aqueous solution. Referred to as MR.
Sulfonated coal sulfonated coal fine particle bituminous coal obtained by treatment with fuming sulfuric acid.
Post-treatment A finishing system attached to the back of a desalination system, usually consisting of a filter, precision filtration, UV sterilization, and reverse osmosis. It is installed near the water point.
Regenerative regemeration The ion exchanger regenerative agent restores the prototype exchange capacity and process.
Regeneration fluid replacement rinse displocement A step in the ion exchanger regeneration process. In the regeneration of the ion exchanger, after the injection of the regeneration liquid is stopped, the injection of water (the flow rate of the water is the same as the flow rate of the regeneration liquid) is continued, and the raw liquid in the ion exchanger is discharged.
Two-stage sodium ion exchange two stage sodium iopn exchange Two sodium ion exchangers operate in series.
The co-current regeneration of the co-current regeneration and the treatment water flowing through the ion exchanger layer flows through the ion exchanger layer to the opposite ion exchange process. Referred to as SS.
Convective regeneration counter-current regeneration The flow of the regenerated fluid through the ion exchange layer is opposite to the flow of the treated water through the ion exchanger layer. English abbreviation C.C.R.
One of the forms of convection regeneration. The regeneration liquid flows from the bottom to the top through the ion exchanger layer during regeneration, and the process water flows from the top to the bottom through the ion exchanger during operation. Referred to as C.C.R.
Floating bed fluidized bed One of the convective regenerative ion exchanger forms. During regeneration, the regeneration liquid flows from top to bottom through the ion exchange layer, and the running treatment water flows from bottom to top through the compacted suspended ion exchanger layer. Referred to as the floating bed world situation NS.
Mixed ion exchanger mixed bed Yang and anion exchange resin, fully mixed with each other in an ion exchanger, while performing cation and anion exchange equipment. Referred to as a mixed bed.
Air top pressure countercurrent regeneration air hold down C.C.C, air blanket C.C.R In the countercurrent regeneration process, the upper space of the upper layer is filled with compressed air to maintain the bed layer without stability.
C.C.R, water blanket C.C.R In the countercurrent regeneration process, the upper space of the exchanger layer is pressurized with water to maintain the bed under the stable layer.
No-pressure countercurrent regeneration at atmospheric press bed CCR During the countercurrent regeneration process, there is no pressure-pressing measure in the upper space of the exchanger layer (passing the atmosphere), and the intermediate drainage device or pressurized grease layer with low flow rate and small resistance of the regenerant is taken to maintain the bed. The layer is stable without disorder.
Ion exchanger bed expansion rate ion exchange bed expansion The percentage of expansion of the exchanger layer when water flows back through the exchanger layer during backwashing.
Moving bed moving bed Ion exchange resin is a periodically flowing ion exchange device between the exchanger, the regenerator and the washing tower.
Regeneration agent consumption chemical consumption, regenerant consumption When recovering the ion exchange capacity of the failed ion exchanger, 1KG calcium carbonate, the actual amount of regenerant required KG. The unit of measurement is usually expressed in terms of kg/kg CaCo3.
Regeneration dose regeneration lever A single unit of ion exchange uses a device that is injected into the ion exchanger as needed.
Regenerant metering A certain concentration of regenerant is applied to an ion exchanger using a device as needed.
Ultrafilter Ultrafilter A filter with a pore size of less than 21 nm to remove particulate impurities from water. Referred to as UF.
Microporous filter microporus filter The pore size of the filter is 0.2-1um. Referred to as MF.
Bunk bed A form of stratabed, multibed ion exchanger with a weakly loaded, strong ion exchange resin with no separator in between.
Double bed double bed A form of ion exchanger with a partition in the middle, divided into upper and lower chambers, containing weakly isotropic, strong ion exchange resin.
Stepwise regeration When regenerating a cation exchanger with sulfuric acid, in order to prevent the formation of calcium sulfate precipitate on the surface of the exchanger, the main method of regeneration is to gradually increase the concentration of the sulfuric acid regeneration liquid in 2-3 steps.
Operating exchange capacity The amount of ions absorbed by a sub-exchanger per unit volume from the start of the operation of the ion exchanger until the amount of ion leakage removed from the effluent exceeds the required level.
Resin trap A device used to trap resin particles that carry out the ion exchanger with water.
Electrodialyser The dlectordialyzer utilizes an exchange membrane and a DC electric field to selectively transport ions from the electrolyte in the water to achieve a means of desalinating the water. Referred to as ED.
Reverse osmosis unit Reverse osmosis unit uses the applied pressure to make the water in the concentrated solution penetrate the fresh water side against the osmotic pressure of the organic cellulose semi-permeable membrane, and achieve the device for desalting and desalination of water. Referred to as RO.
Primary demineralization system primary demineralixation system The basic demineralization of water enthalpy through a strong acid cation exchanger and a strong base anion exchanger.
Single-stage single-cycle moving bed Monobed and single cycle moving bed Regeneration and cleaning of the resin are carried out in one column, and a regeneration tower is placed on top of the ion exchanger to form a single (tower). The spent resin is sent to the regeneration washing tower, and the regeneration liquid is first introduced from the lower portion. After the regeneration is completed, it is still washed by the lower inlet water until it is in the form of a moving bed which is qualified for use.
Double-tower continuous regenerative moving bed duad bed contactor The inactive resin is suspended in the regenerative cleaning tower, continuously moving downwards, and the regenerant and washing water are continuously discharged from the middle and bottom of the regenerative cleaning tower to a resin layer. Moving bed form.
Single-bed ion exchanger An ion exchanger that contains only one ion exchanger.